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[363][364][365], Popular mainstream media frequently portray Pope Francis either as a progressive papal reformer or with liberal, moderate values. He maintains that the Church should be more open and welcoming for members of the LGBT community, and favors legal recognition of same-sex couples. [170] He named Alfred Xuereb as his personal secretary. He changed history. Pope Francis is the 266th Pope and sovereign of the Vatican City. The photo was taken at the church "Pequeña Obra de la Divina Providencia Don Orione" in 1990, not during the Dirty War, and after Videla's presidential pardon. He passed by a church to go to confession, and was inspired by the priest. [184], In 2013, Francis initially reaffirmed the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith's program to reform the U.S. The president took more than an hour before congratulating the new Pope, and only did so in a passing reference within a routine speech. [69] In 2007, just two days after Benedict XVI issued new rules for using the liturgical forms that preceded the Second Vatican Council, Cardinal Bergoglio established a fixed place for a weekly Mass in this extraordinary form of the Roman Rite. Bergoglio’s tenure as head of the country’s Jesuits coincided with the military coup in Argentina (1976) led by Lieut. [281], Cardinal Walter Kasper has called mercy "the key word of his pontificate. Zhao Lijian, the Spokesman of the Foreign Ministry of China, said Francis’ remarks had "no factual basis at all". Therefore, according to Cardinal Müller, divorced and civilly remarried can have access to the Sacraments of Reconciliation and the Eucharist only if they take on the duty of living in complete continence. [123] On the day before his inauguration as pope, Bergoglio, now Francis, had a private meeting with Kirchner. Bergoglio was elected on the fifth ballot and chose the name Francis, in honour of St. Francis of Assisi (1181/82–1226), who lived a life of humble service to the poor, and also recalling St. Francis Xavier (1506–52), a founding member of the Jesuits. Grassi has been restricted from exercising any public ministry but has not been laicized. Francis, also called Francis I, original name Jorge Mario Bergoglio, (born December 17, 1936, Buenos Aires, Argentina), the bishop of Rome and the leader of the Roman Catholic Church (2013– ). [124][125] Página/12 removed their controversial articles about Bergoglio, written by Horacio Verbitsky, from their web page, as a result of this change. They also discussed terrorism and the radicalization of young people. [88] According to Tornielli, Bergoglio made this request to prevent the conclave from delaying too much in the election of a pope. [29][30], When he was 21 years old, he suffered from life-threatening pneumonia and three cysts. He can speak Spanish, Latin and Italian fluently and understanding German, French, Portuguese, English, and Ukrainian. He was the first pope from the Western Hemisphere, the first from South America, and the first from the Jesuit order. [305], On a theological level, controversy arose after the publication of the apostolic exhortation Amoris laetitia, especially regarding whether the exhortation had changed the Catholic Church's sacramental discipline concerning access to the sacraments of Penance and the Eucharist for divorced couples who have civilly remarried. Agencia Informativa Católica Argentina (1999–2012). [353], On 6 June 2015, Pope Francis visited Sarajevo, the capital city of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The group included several known as critics of Vatican operations and only one member of the Curia. [226][227], The pope approved further equipollent canonizations on 3 April 2014 for the Jesuit José de Anchieta as well as the Ursuline nun Marie of the Incarnation and bishop François de Laval. [122] Bergoglio's relations with Kirchner's widow and successor, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, have been similarly tense. “Yes, you can” or “no, you can’t” [243][244][245] The pope has approved beatifications for a range of men and women including the likes of Álvaro del Portillo of Opus Dei (27 September 2014), the martyred archbishop Óscar Romero (23 May 2015) and several large groups of Spanish martyrs. In November 2013 he issued Evangelii Gaudium (“The Joy of the Gospel”), an apostolic exhortation in which he denounced economic inequality and called upon the church to embrace its global diversity. A number of them had offspring. Pope Francis continued in the tradition of the Second Vatican Council and of the papacies since the Council in dialoguing and cooperating with leaders of other Christian faiths and of other religions, and with those claiming no religious belief. A screenshot was shared on Twitter by OnlyFans star, Margot Foxx, which showed Pope Francis‘s official Instagram account ‘liking’ a rather racy photo in which she was pictured in a tight black bodysuit.. [381], Pope Francis presided over his first joint public wedding ceremony in a Nuptial Mass for 20 couples from the Archdiocese of Rome on 14 September 2014, just a few weeks before the start of the 5–19 October Extraordinary Synod of Bishops on the Family. [272] In his homily on calming the storm in the Gospel of Mark, Francis described the setting: "Dense darkness has thickened on our squares, streets and cities; it looks over our lives filling everything with a deafening silence and a desolate void that paralyzes everything in its passage: you can feel it in the air, you can feel it in your gestures. [211] On 8 April 2016, Pope Francis published his second apostolic exhortation, Amoris laetitia,[212] remarking on love within the family. Yet he incensed some traditionalists by appearing on that occasion in a simple tunic rather than in the more-traditional papal garments. [366] The Vatican has claimed that Western news outlets often seek to portray his message with a less-doctrinal tone of papacy, in hopes of extrapolating his words to convey a more merciful and tolerant message. He said that "the international community has drawn up the necessary legal instruments, such as the Paris Agreement, from which however some are withdrawing. The photo was produced by the agency AFP and it was initially published by the Crónica newspaper. Fox News Channel. [95] Her complaint did not specify how Bergoglio was involved; Bergoglio's spokesman flatly denied the allegations. Pope Francis (Jorge Mario Bergoglio) (Latin: Franciscus, Italian: Francesco, Spanish: Francisco; born on 17 December 1936) is the 266th and current pope of the Roman Catholic Church.He was elected on 13 March 2013. [152] Cardinal Christoph Schönborn later said that Bergoglio was elected following two supernatural signs, one in the conclave and hence confidential, and a Latin-American couple of friends of Schönborn who whispered Bergoglio's name in Schönborn's ear; Schönborn commented "if these people say Bergoglio, that's an indication of the Holy Spirit". That is not the gospel." [111] Historian Uki Goñi pointed that, during early 1976, the military junta still had a good image among society, and that the scale of the political repression was not known until much later; Bergoglio would have had little reason to suspect that the detention of Yorio and Jalics could end up in their deaths. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francis-I-pope, Archdiocese of Washington - Biography of Pope Francis, Francis I - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [410][411], Pope Francis is played by Jonathan Pryce in the biographical drama film The Two Popes (2019) along with Anthony Hopkins who plays Pope Benedict XVI. However, it polarized many Catholics, especially in the United States. Religion News Service. The shares in banks had led the local church to a propensity towards high spending, and the archdiocese was nearing bankruptcy as a result. They exchanged gifts and lunched together. "[333] Federico Lombardi said that Francis' comments were not "a personal attack, nor an indication of who to vote for". [220][221], On 4 October 2020 on the feast of St. Francis of Assisi, Pope Francis published the encyclical Fratelli tutti on fraternity and social friendship, using St. Francis' own words to describe our universal brotherhood and sisterhood.[222]. [62] This work led to him being called the "Slum Bishop". On 12 March 1960 the conclusion of his novitiate in the Jesus society, officially, Bergoglio became a result in this time, when he creates the religious profession. It is because of fascism that our father emigrated", "Los Bergoglio, la familia más sorprendida", "3 relatives of pope killed in crash in Argentina – Chicago Tribune", "CNS STORY: Pope asks prayers after great nephews, their mother die in car crash", "La sobrina 'artista' del Papa presenta su obra en Madrid", "Jorge Bergoglio, un sacerdote jesuita de carrera", "Biography: who is Jorge Mario Bergoglio? NAME – Pope Francis BIRTHDATE – December 17, 1936 (age 85) Age – 85 Years DID YOU KNOW? [39] He was named provincial superior of the Society of Jesus in Argentina that July, for a six-year term which ended in 1979. However, he was to return to Argentina prematurely to serve as a confessor and spiritual director to the Jesuit community in Córdoba. [378], In March 2013, a new song was dedicated to Francis and released in Brazilian Portuguese, European Portuguese, and Italian, titled Come Puoi ("How You Can"). [246], On 21 February 2015, Francis signed a decree naming Saint Gregory of Narek as the 36th Doctor of the Church; he formally conferred the title upon the saint at a ceremony held in Saint Peter's Basilica on 12 April 2015 with delegations from the Armenian Catholic Church and the Armenian Apostolic Church present. He is the first pope since Pope Pius X to live outside the papal apartments. As Pope, representative of the Holy See and head of state of Vatican City, Francis is Grand Master of the following orders: In the oratorio Laudato si' by Peter Reulein (music) written on a libretto by Helmut Schlegel OFM, the figure of Pope Francis appears next to Mary, Francis of Assisi and Clare of Assisi. In international diplomacy, he helped to temporarily restore full diplomatic relations between the United States and Cuba and supported the cause of refugees during the European and Central American migrant crises. As Cardinal, Bergoglio commissioned a study that concluded Grassi was innocent, that his victims were lying and that the case against him never should have gone to trial. As an archbishop, Bergoglio celebrated the annual Mass at the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Cathedral on the First National Government holiday, 25 May. He is credited with having a less formal approach to the papacy than his predecessors, for instance choosing to reside in the Domus Sanctae Marthae guesthouse rather than in the papal apartments of the Apostolic Palace used by previous popes. [157], Pope Francis held his papal inauguration on 19 March 2013 in St. Peter's Square in the Vatican. [81] He was known to be devoted to St. Thérèse of Lisieux, and he enclosed a small picture of her in the letters he wrote, calling her "a great missionary saint". (Traditionally, the numeral I is not added to a pope’s name until after a second pope of the same name has been elected. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. [302] In 2018, Francis acknowledged he had made "grave errors" in judgment about Barros, apologized to the victims and launched a Vatican investigation that resulted in the resignation of Barros and two other Chilean bishops. De la Rúa asked the Church to promote a dialogue between the leaders of economic and political sectors to find a solution for the crisis. "[282]:31–32 His papal motto Miserando atque eligendo ("by having mercy and by choosing") contains a central theme of his papacy, God's mercy,[283][284] While maintaining the Church's traditional teaching against abortion, Pope Francis, has referred to the "obsession" of some Catholics with a few issues like "abortion, gay marriage and the use of contraceptive methods" which "do not show the heart of the message of Jesus Christ.”[285]. Following the resignation of Pope Benedict XVI on 28 February 2013, a papal conclave elected Bergoglio as his successor on 13 March. [37] After his novitiate in the Society of Jesus, Bergoglio officially became a Jesuit on 12 March 1960, when he made the religious profession of the initial, perpetual vows of poverty, chastity and obedience of a member of the order. Austen Ivereigh (born March 25, 1966) is a UK-based Roman Catholic journalist, author, commentator and biographer of Pope Francis. The Holy Doors of the major basilicas of Rome (including the Great Door of St. Peter's) were opened, and special "Doors of Mercy" were opened at cathedrals and other major churches around the world, where the faithful can earn indulgences by fulfilling the usual conditions of prayer for the Pope's intentions, confession, and detachment from sin, and communion. But in this part of the world, married priests are the norm. He went on to say: “It is true that general rules set forth a good which can never be disregarded or neglected, but in their formulation they cannot provide absolutely for all particular situations.”[307], Four cardinals (Raymond Leo Burke, Carlo Caffarra, Walter Brandmüller, and Joachim Meisner) formally asked Pope Francis for clarifications, particularly on the issue of giving communion to divorced and civilly remarried Catholics. Moreover, he affirmed the church’s categorical opposition to abortion. [308] They submitted five "dubia" (doubts), and requested a yes or no answer. [7][61] One of Bergoglio's major initiatives as archbishop was to increase the Church's presence in the slums of Buenos Aires. Leadership Conference of Women Religious, Theology of Pope Francis § Decentralization, Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura, Pope Francis: ecumenism and interreligious dialogue, List of people declared venerable by Pope Francis, Theology of Pope Francis § The Church's mission, Theology of Pope Francis § Church governance, Theology of Pope Francis § Environmentalism, Theology of Pope Francis § Option for the poor, Theology of Pope Francis § Liberation Theology, Theology of Pope Francis § Morality as a vehicle of God's mercy, Theology of Pope Francis § Sexual morality as Good News, legally recognising same-sex civil unions, Minister of Foreign Trade and Development Cooperation, full diplomatic relations between the U.S. and Cuba, dialogue both with Europe and with the United States, List of places and things named after Pope Francis, Why the only future worth building includes everyone, People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, Official Vatican transcript in English of IEC Catechesis, List of current heads of state and government, "Pope Francis: "Miserando atque eligendo"...", "Pope Francis said same-sex couples should be covered by a civil union law", "Pope says same-sex couples should be covered by civil union laws", "Pope Francis Backs Civil Unions for Gay Couples, in Shift for Vatican", "The Irish Times view on the pope and same-sex civil unions: a welcome shift in tone", "Pope says he is not a Marxist, but defends criticism of capitalism", Pope Francis: A humble and outspoken man, and technically also Italian, "Vida y trayectoria de Bergoglio en seis capítulos", "Vatican Web site, from L'Osservatore Romano, Year LXIII, number 12: biography of the Holy Father Francis", "Pope Francis: the humble pontiff with practical approach to poverty", "Argentina's Cardinal Bergoglio Is Elected Pope Francis", "Pope Francis elected leader of Catholic Church: latest", "Jorge is against regimes. Critics observed that the Vatican was slow to punish and defrock priests who were known pedophiles. Abbas' visit was on the occasion of the canonization of two Palestinian nuns. "[337] In January 2019, 20 former presidents in Latin America wrote a letter to Pope Francis criticizing his Christmas address regarding the ongoing Venezuelan crisis for being too simplistic and for not acknowledging what they believed to be the causes of the suffering of the victims of the crisis. In May 2015, Pope Francis met with Cuban leader Raúl Castro. In February 2016 he and Kirill I, patriarch of Moscow and All Russia, held the first-ever meeting between the leaders of the Roman Catholic and Russian Orthodox churches. 7 February 1948), the Pope's only living sibling, they did not emigrate for economic reasons. Nunzio Scarano", "Monsignor Scarano: Vatican forwards request to Italy", "Pope replaces cardinals serving on Vatican bank oversight commission", "12 months a pope: Francis's report card after a year at the top", "Apostolic Exhortation Evangelii Gaudium of the Holy Father Francis to the Bishops, Clergy, Consecrated Persons and the Lay Faithful on the Proclamation of the Gospel in Today's World", "Four cardinals openly challenge Francis over 'Amoris Laetitia, Pope Francis reforms Church law in marital nullity trials, Pope revamps ecclesiastical universities in new apostolic constitution, "Pope Francis Signs Motu Proprio to Prevent and Denounce Abuses in the Catholic Church", "New Apostolic Letter highlights St Jerome's love of Scripture", "Pope releases apostolic letter on Sacred Scripture", "Pope's New Encyclical 'Fratelli Tutti' Outlines Vision for a Better World", "Pope abolishes honorary title of monsignor for diocesan priests under the age of 65", "L'addio di papa Ratzinger: "Lascio per il bene della Chiesa". [255], On 1 September 2019, following his weekly Sunday Angelus address, Francis unexpectedly announced the appointment of 13 new cardinals. It is believed he associates it with clerical careerism and hierarchy, though he did not apply this restriction to clergy working in the Roman Curia or diplomatic corps, where careerism is an even greater concern. A lawsuit against Bergoglio charging him with complicity in the priests’ disappearance was ultimately dismissed. He attended the technical secondary school Escuela Técnica Industrial N° 27 Hipólito Yrigoyen,[23] named after a past President of Argentina, and graduated with a Chemical Technician's Diploma[7][24][25] (not a master's degree in Chemistry, as some media outlets incorrectly reported). [250] The consistory was a rare occasion in which Francis and his predecessor, Benedict XVI, appeared together in public. Each of the five were under the age of eighty, and were thus eligible to vote in a papal conclave. [54][55][56] As a bishop he was no longer subject to his Jesuit superior. He has faced criticism from theological conservatives on many questions, including admitting civilly divorced and remarried Catholics to communion with the publication of Amoris laetitia. [277] He strongly opposed clericalism[278] and made women full members of the Church's dicasteries in Rome. [180] This was the first time that a pope had included women in this ritual; although he had already done so when he was archbishop. The Southern Hemisphere successor, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner ( 2007–15 ) millennium is! The newspaper Página/12 11 and up ) 107 ] oliveira met with Cuban leader Castro! Antonio and Joseph, died in October 2010 were subsequently either toned down by the priest, face! Go to confession, and videos on Pope Francis was elected Pope, Bergoglio celebrated the National elsewhere! ( Province of Asti ) in 1958 priests who were known pedophiles when. 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